The objective of this research to analyze the gross margin and estimate the production function of some of cereal crops (Sorghum and Maize). A field survey in Dhamar and Ibb Governorates was conducted in the two governorates, Dhamar and Ibb, on 2012/2013 agricultural season. The primary information were collected through face to face interview. Among the sampled farmers, results showed that the average yield of sorghum was 1325 kg/ha under rainfed system and average yield of sorghum under irrigation system was 2038 kg/ha. While in maize it was 1481 kg/ha and 1481 kg/ha in rainfed and irrigation respectively. The benefit of cost ratio was 1.35 and 1.23sorghum rainfed and irrigation respectively, While it was 1.18 and 0.83in maize rainfed and irrigation respectively. The result of the empirical model of Cobb-Douglas production functions revealed that the model significant at 1% level and defined 77% and 93% variation in sorghum rainfed and irrigation production systems respectively, that was because of the variation in the independent variables included in the model. While it defined 69% and 92% variation in maize rainfed and irrigation production systems respectively, due to variation in independent variables included in the model. The coefficient of area and number of irrigation were positive and significant with sorghum and maize in irrigation production, while the coefficient of area and human labor were positive and significant with sorghum rainfed production. In both systems the coefficient of seed was positive and significant, while the coefficient of (fertilizer + Manures) was negative and significant with Maize rainfed production.
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